Kate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour - 927 Words

Kate Chopin, born in 1850, was one of the prominent feminist writers of the twentieth century. Her works focus predominantly on life, love, marriage, social issues and women. Her husband’s unexpected death was a tragic event in her life. However it led her to a great realization. Based on her own experience, Kate Chopin wrote a short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† on April 19, 1894. Kate Chopin told the story of Mrs. Mallard reacting to the news of husband’s death. The story addressed women issues in marriage. Through Louise Mallard, Kate Chopin addressed women issues in marriage and gave readers a close view of what women’s lives were like during a time where it was the norm for women to submit to their husbands. Kate Chopin talked about the sad reality of marriage in the twentieth century. First of all, Mrs. Mallard’s marriage was not a terrible marriage. Upon learning of her husband’s death, â€Å"she wept at once, with sudden, wild a bandonment, in her sister’s arms† (Chopin 1). She was truly sad to know that her kind and loving husband was no longer with her. .It was not a happy marriage either, â€Å"Yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter† (Chopin2). The author indicated that even though the couple did not really love each other, they still stay in their marriage. In contrast to today’s high divorce rate, over 851,000 divorces were filed in 2012 according to United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there was no way out of anShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1579 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin’s The Story of an Hour written in 1984 is a story of a woman who, through the erroneously reported death of her husband, experienced true freedom. Both tragic and ironic, the story deals with the boundaries imposed on women by society in the nineteenth century. The author Kate Chopin, like the character in her story, had first-hand experience with the male-dominated society of that time and had experienced the death of her husband at a young age. The similarity between Kate Chopin andRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1336 Words   |  6 Pagessociety as married women. In the story of an hour, the author, Kate Chopin describes the emotions of a woman who is married and tied down to this oath for the rest of her life. The author uses the ways of the society during that time to construct a story that accurately reflects the feelings of majority of women of that time. The goal of the story is to examine how women were indirectly oppressed during those times. The story of an hour is an interesting short story that begin with telling of a heartRead MoreKate Chopin s Story Of The Hour Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin was an American author who wrote two novels that got published and at least a hundred short stories. In Kate’s short story The Story of the Hour she uses some of her traumatic event that happened in her lifespan in the short story even though it the story is fictional. A lot of her fictions were set in Louisiana and her best-known works focused on the lives of sensitive intelligent women. One-third of Mrs. Chopin’s stories are children’s stories. A lot of Mrs. Chopin’s novels were forgottenRead MoreKate Chopin s Story Of An Hour993 Words   |  4 Pagesfiction intermix in stories because writer’s base their stories of real life experiences and feelings. Kate Chopin largely based her stories off of her own life. Kate Chopin spent her childhood years in an alternative and matriarchal Louisiana town with a family that was unconventional. She challenged her nineteenth century sexist society and used her own life to put strength and feminism into her stories like â€Å"The Storm†, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and of course â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. She lived with herRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1921 Words   |  8 Pagesapproaches. For Kate Chopin, the famous author of â€Å"The Awakening† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, her most successful approach was to provide audiences with short stories that proposed meaningful and strong messages. However, Kate Chopin’s powerful feminist images that were present throughout her writing has mostly flaunted Chopin as only a â€Å"pioneering feminist writer,† which has led to other messages Chopin incorporated in her writing into being overlooked. In Kate Chopin’s, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the shortRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1 248 Words   |  5 PagesTam Le Jennifer R. Vacca ENGL 2307 19 September 2014 The Stressful Marriage React in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of An Hour† Kate Chopin was an American author who majored in short stories mostly in topics related to feminism. Her other works include; â€Å"Bayou Folk† of 1894, â€Å"A Night in Acadia† of 1897, and â€Å"The Storm† of 1898. She created her story entitled â€Å"The Story of an Hour† with the aim of using characterization to show how women behave, and the forces that bind marriages. Her character, LouiseRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1488 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of An Hour† was published in 1894 in Vogue, during a time when women do not have any legal rights. They have low education level and have no opportunity to work; what they can do is stay at home and manage the family. All their lives, they rely on their husband. Women at that time do not think about why they should be treated this way; they were being silenced by society. Kate Chopin uses the character Mrs. Mallard as the representative of all women who wants freedom at thatRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour981 Words   |  4 Pagesher bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will—as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been. Kate Chopin â€Å"The Story of an Hour† (477) The purpose of our entire existence is to create and build a legacy so when we depart this life the ones that we leave behind have something to keep with them. We don’t know the time or the place of when our lives will end onRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour973 Words   |  4 Pagesbe kept on the inside. The problem is that the reason behind the happiness is often forgotten to be analyzed. What was happening behind closed doors? What was the marriage representing? Mrs. Mallard is an important example of this in Kate Chopin’s The Story of an Hour. She just received the news of her husband’s death and is obliged to weep at once. Nevertheless, once she gets away from the pressure of the onlookers, she finds more happiness than sadness in which she cannot fully express outside ofRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour980 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Mrs. Mallard is a woman trapped in her own golden cage. Throughout the sto ry, the author, Kate Chopin, shows the true colors of matrimony during that time and what it meant in women’s lives. Women were the only possessions attained after marriage, designated to do house labors and take care of a husband and children. â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin illustrates that marriage is another manifestation of women’s abdication of liberty once they say â€Å"I do†. â€Å"The Story of an

A History of Greek Festivals Free Essays

In the Archaic Period four major festivals were established which brought together Greeks from across the known universe to vie in athletic and later on musical competitions. The first was the Olympic Games which has a traditional foundation day of the month of 776 BC. This was followed by three more in speedy sequence in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC. We will write a custom essay sample on A History of Greek Festivals or any similar topic only for you Order Now Together these festivals made up the ‘periodos’ [ 1 ] which was extremely important in furthering the dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points and between Greeks and non-Greeks. The competition between those take parting and the city states they were stand foring is an illustration of how those Pan-hellenic dealingss were developing. Other countries are how the direction of each of the festivals and who really attended these ‘Panhellenic’ festivals. The honor and glorification gained by the masters in each of the four Games was so great that the lone stuff awards straight received from the organizers were Crowns of assorted workss sacred to the Gods that the festivals were dedicated to. [ 2 ] This led to the term ‘periodonikes’ being created which was given to the jocks that had won competitions at all four Games and were considered to be the greatest jocks for this accomplishment. [ 3 ] This could propose that the competition between the jocks would be so ferocious that tensenesss would be created in dealingss between persons in add-on to the city states that they were stand foring. On the other manus it is deserving observing that Olympic masters were non above the jurisprudence in their place province as can be shown in the narrative of Philippos of Croton who was exiled after he became betrothed to a adult female from Sybaris even though he had been winning at the Olympic Games. [ 4 ] The memorials that were bui lt by the city states shows the committedness they had to guaranting the remainder of the Greek universe could retrieve their triumphs for many old ages to come. Not merely were the memorials dedicated to athletic triumphs but the sanctuaries where the four Panhellenic Games were held besides contained memorials honoring military triumphs over other city states. [ 5 ] This suggests the metropoliss were non interested in whether their oppositions were offended and hence strains in the dealingss between them due to the struggles the memorials were mentioning to would go on. Shortly after the creative activity of the four Panhellenic festivals in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC Athens began reorganizing their Panathenaia festival in order for it to include athletic tourneies in add-on to the musical and ecstatic competitions that had been held at that place. [ 6 ] Consequently the Panathenaic festival became more important within the athletic universe yet it was ne’er regarded every bit extremely as the four Panhellenic festivals that made up the ‘periodos’ which can be seen through the usage of expensive stuff awards [ 7 ] as opposed to the Crown prizes masters took off at the Olympic, Pythian, Isthmian and Nemean Games. This suggests the jocks would hold a focal point of winning the awards alternatively of the honor they received through their triumphs. Consequently, the city states they represented would hold had less of an involvement in whether they won if the glorification of triumph was less than that in ‘periodos’ t riumphs and therefore dealingss between different city states would hold been more likely to be unchanged. The lone city state to truly profit from the revitalised Panathenaic festival would hold been Athens as they had the chance to advance their metropolis to visitants from beyond Attica yet it has been suggested that the Panathenaia was ne’er supposed to be Panhellenic and was alternatively supposed to back Athenian national pride which is why dealingss between Greeks remained unchanged. [ 8 ] The last race to be added to the programme of events at the Olympic Games in approximately 520 BC was the ‘hoplitodromos’ which involved jocks running in full armor. This peculiar race besides featured in the other Panhellenic Games which suggests the importance of such a race. Pausanias suggests the race could hold been designed to advance military preparation as contending wars was common in the Archaic Period and the menace of struggle with Iranian forces was increasing. [ 9 ] This ‘military training’ could hold besides been a manner for the city states to expose their military art and hence derive farther glorification from a military facet in add-on to the athletic facet. However Philostratus suggests as it was the last race of the competition that it symbolised the return to a militant nature after the ‘peaceful’ armistices that were established for the continuance of each of the Panhellenic festivals. [ 10 ] The armistices referred to above were designed to advance peace amongst the city states of Greece as it prohibited ground forcess to come in the countries around the sanctuaries where the festivals were held and ensured the safe transition of those go toing the festivals. [ 11 ] However as it may hold ensured peaceable dealingss for city states such as Elis it did non forestall wars from taking topographic point outside of these parts. However holding a armistice in topographic point meant people from all over the Grecian universe and beyond could garner in one topographic point and set up peaceable dealingss with others every bit good as keep them. As minister plenipotentiaries were sent out from the city states where the festivals were held in the months taking up to each of the Games to denote the beginning of them this was a method of advancing the Games whilst at the same clip advertising the city-states themselves and networking with the remainder of Greece as representatives f rom each metropolis would be chosen to have the minister plenipotentiary. [ 12 ] Harmonizing to Pausanias Pisa originally had control over the metropolis of Olympia and hence would hold governed the Olympic Games. However their â€Å"hostility† towards the Eleians caused a war which saw Elis conquer Pisa and claim the site of Olympia as theirs. [ 13 ] This combat over the ‘Panhellenic’ sanctuaries suggests metropoliss would be prepared to pay a war if it resulted in them having the honor that must hold come with bring forthing the most esteemed Games in this period. The existent disposal of the Olympic Games by the city state of Elis was by and large considered to be without prejudice. [ 14 ] The Judgess were Eleian and chosen by Elis and as a consequence it did pull some unfavorable judgment from foreigners such as Herodotus who describes the narrative of when citizens of Elis visit Egypt to inquire them their sentiment on whether the Games were being administered reasonably to which they reply they are non because Eleians themselves could co me in the competitions and therefore they would non be judged reasonably against people from different topographic points. [ 15 ] This suggests Herodotus is belittling the unity of those judging the competitions who had even named themselves as ‘Hellanodikai’ which means ‘judges of the Greeks’ . [ 16 ] It is possible that many other Greeks had this position and so it would hold the possible to make tensenesss within dealingss between those pull offing the festival and the foreigners who were take parting in it. However they may be some truth to these positions as Thomas Heine Nielsen states that Elis was the most successful province to vie in the Olympics with the bulk of triumphs in the boy’s competitions and the equestrian events although you would anticipate more entrants from Elis into these tourneies as they were closest to the Olympic sanctuary. [ 17 ] The history of the locations of the four Panhellenic festivals was important in pulling Greeks from afar as the city states that were bring forthing these Games relied on the fabulous importance of the sites. In add-on to holding sanctuaries dedicated to a major God and world-renowned prophets in topographic points like Delphi these city states managed to utilize outstanding fabulous figures such as Heracles as a method of advancing their festivals. At Olympia Heracles was traditionally the laminitis of the Olympic Games and his undertaking of get the better ofing the Nemean king of beasts was used for the Nemean Games. In Delphi it was thought that there was a battle between him and Apollo over a tripod which surface in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC. [ 18 ] Furthermore, the Isthmian Games were held in honor of Poseidon and as a consequence the Equus caballus races were the most of import portion of the festival at that place. [ 19 ] This mixture of major Gods and heroes from mytholo gy ensured the success of the Panhellenic festivals in add-on to developing the construct of Panhellenism as people from across the Grecian universe would hold identified with these myths which suggests dealingss between them would hold improved. Relationss besides had the possible to be fostered through the construction of the Pythian Games as forfeits and banquets were the lone events on the first two yearss of the five-day festival. This gave rivals and witnesss alike the â€Å"opportunity to socialize and advance sentiments of harmoniousness and community.† [ 20 ] An confederation of city states known as the Amphictyonic League were responsible for puting up the Pythian Games and the readyings for them every four old ages after they had been winning in the First Sacred War. [ 21 ] This is an illustration of Greeks from different topographic points working together and their desire to prolong the dealingss created by their engagement in the war. Producing a festival would hold besides promoted peace and community values which is shown by the Pythian armistice established during each festival. A important historical figure associated with taking the reorganization of the Pythian Games after the First Sacred War was the tyrant Cleisthenes of Sicyon. McGregor besides believes that Cleisthenes of Sicyon was linked with the other Panhellenic festivals every bit good. The narrative of Cleisthenes and his daughter’s suers at Olympia maintains the thought that the Olympic Games were truly a universe phase for powerful leaders to acquire their vo ices heard. However Cleisthenes seemingly favoured the suers from Eretria and its Alliess as they were Ionians and he was traditionally thought to be anti-Dorian. [ 22 ] This suggests divisions amongst those viing could be formed as a consequence of cultural differences and that dealingss could go labored between Greeks from different topographic points as a effect. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the Nemean Games were established by the less dominant city state of Cleonae in concurrence with Argos in resistance to Cleisthenes of Sicyon after Cleonae had secured their freedom from Sicyon. [ 23 ] If this is true so it is farther grounds of the Panhellenic Games being used to do tenseness between city states. On the topic of who was really allowed to vie in the four Panhellenic Games it seemed to be originally sole to the nobility and the wealthy as the funerary games in honor of Patroclus in the Iliad show blue Greeks from many different topographic points compete in the chariot race which was the chief event. Chariot races were preponderantly for the wealthiest as Equus caballuss were expensive and hard to develop which meant they could expose their wealth whilst set uping dealingss with Greeks from different topographic points. [ 24 ] On the other manus this suggests that the poorest in society would non hold competed in the Panhellenic festivals such as the Isthmian Games where the equestrian events were considered to be the most esteemed and so if they did take part it would be in inferior events where they could non derive as much glorification. The suggestion that poorer persons would non vie in the major four Panhellenic festivals is evidenced by the point that they would non hold had the clip for athletic preparation [ 25 ] or to go to the four sanctuaries where each of the four Games were held if they lived a long distance off. Furthermore there were local festivals and games they could hold competed in which would hold been much more practical [ 26 ] but if this was the instance for most Greeks so at that place would hold been less of a fosterage of dealingss between people from different topographic points if they were merely interacting with others from the same community. However by the 6Thursdaycentury BC other events were added to the Panhellenic Games which meant the poorer in society could take part [ 27 ] as they were athleticss that were practiced throughout the whole of the Grecian universe. [ 28 ] This implies that the festivals became more Pan-hellenic as more people from different topographic points would be more likely to come in the competitions. Bury suggests that autocrats were the cause for this alteration as they wanted to defend the common people in order to win their support. [ 29 ] However if this ground is true so Panhellenism would merely be a side-effect of the autocrats desiring to derive more power and keep their reign. In add-on to this the autocrats could besides be a beginning of tenseness within dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points as is shown from the illustration of Cleisthenes of Sicyon trying to put up his ain Pythian Games in Sicyon after the autumn of dictatorship in Corinth meant they had more i nfluence in Delphi. [ 30 ] Relations between Corinth and Elis were besides strained in this period because of Olympia’s refusal to wipe out the names of the Cypselidae from some offerings which resulted in no Eleians being allowed to vie in the Isthmian Games and hence they were non able to derive the extremely esteemed ‘periodonikes’ rubric that athletes longed for. This is an illustration of a city-state utilizing its authorization over one of the Panhellenic festivals to demo their resistance to another city state which would hold had a well negative consequence on dealingss. In contrast Pausanias suggests that it was the â€Å"curses of Moline† that kept the Eleians off from the Isthmian Games. [ 31 ] Officially all free Grecian males were permitted to vie in the Olympic Games but this meant â€Å"females, non-Greeks and slaves were excluded from direct participation.† [ 32 ] However the Judgess make up one’s minding who could come in the competitions must hold been moderately flexible with the regulations as there is no record of person being refused entry on the evidences of their cultural individuality. [ 33 ] As a consequence of this many Grecian settlers from distant topographic points like Sicily and the north shore of the Black Sea came to Olympia during the Olympic festival. [ 34 ] Attending the festivals such as the Olympic Games was a immense benefit to Greek settlements as it meant they could remain in close contact with the mainland and set up connexions with other metropoliss and settlements whilst maintaining a safe distance off from the metropolis it originated from in order to keep its independency. Olympia besides acted as a impersonal land for neigh boring settlements who were at war with each other whilst supplying a beginning of military preparation when jocks competed in events such as the ‘hoplitodromos’ so they could support themselves against non-Greeks and other settlements. Western Greeks were slightly influential in the running of the Olympic Games which can be seen by the add-on of two new events in the early 5Thursdaycentury BC that were popular throughout Grecian settlements in the West. [ 35 ] This suggests dealingss between the settlements in the West and the Grecian mainland were good. For the dealingss between Greeks and non-Greeks Panhellenic festivals caused divisions. One of the narratives from Herodotus shows how Alexander’s rivals tried to take him from the race by claiming that he was non genuinely Grecian. [ 36 ] Another states the response of a Iranian when he is told of the â€Å"crown of olive† that athletes compete for in the Olympic Games and he was called a â€Å"coward† by a Grecian male monarch for it. [ 37 ] This dissentious facet of the Panhellenic Games can besides be seen by the usage of nakedness when viing in the competitions as it was considered absurd for high-level males in cultural groups such as the Persians or Lydians to look bare when practising athletics. [ 38 ] These illustrations show the contrasts between the Greeks manner of thought compared to the remainder of the universe and how this was implemented at the Panhellenic festivals. Ultimately the four Panhellenic festivals that formed the ‘periodos’ were designed in a manner that promoted Greek individuality and therefore dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points were frequently fostered through the shared faith and mythology of the sanctuaries where they were held every bit good as the shared athleticss that the competitions were comprised of. Nevertheless the jocks were ferociously competitory as they were the most esteemed competitions in the Greek universe which suggests tensenesss would hold developed in dealingss between non merely the jocks themselves but besides the city states they were stand foring. Armistices were established during each of the four festivals but this did non forestall war from happening outside of the affected parts. Furthermore it was the blue and the wealthy who chiefly competed in the extremely esteemed events such as chariot racing which would hold received the most honour for winning but with autoc rats presenting more events aimed at poorer persons there was the possibility that more dealingss were being fostered between Greeks from different degrees of society. Overall, the Panhellenic festivals did much to further dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points even if it was non the primary purpose sometimes. On the other manus festivals such as the Olympic Games showed a clear divide between the Greeks and the remainder of the universe and consequently dealingss between them would hold been less developed. How to cite A History of Greek Festivals, Essay examples

Evaluation of Performance Related Pay Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Identify the advantages and disadvantages of Performance related pay from both theoretical and practical Perspectives. 2.Identify a performance related pay scheme in your Organisation or an Organisation with which you are familiar and clearly Identify its Aims and Objectives. Answers: Introduction This report comprises of an in depth analysis of performance related pay scheme being practiced in ABC Corporation. The purpose of this study was to understand how the performance related pay schemes are formulated and implemented in the organizations and how effective they are in terms of the objectives set for the scheme and the organizations growth and development. We have performed a case study on ABC corporation in Qatar. It is a manufacturing organization based in the State of Qatar and this organization has been practicing performance related pay scheme for a few years now. With the help of the employees, management and implementing bodies of ABC corporation, we have studied the reasons that motivated them to adopt this payment scheme, the objectives and aims of this scheme as per the organization and how the performance of the organization and its employees actually measures up against the expected results from this scheme (Silva, 2012). The performance based payment system is when the employees are compensated on the basis of the work that they do. It can be based on the individual or group performance. In an organization practicing this pay system, there are no fixed salaries and the individuals are paid on the basis of their performance or the achievement of their targets. Therefore, instead of compensating on the basis of the employee positions, the employees are paid according to their contribution done either individually or in a group (Potemski Rowland, 2011). This is mostly done to motivate the employees to perform better and in this system, the payment is done on the basis of the productivity of the employees. This payout structure attracts performance oriented individuals and the people with the right zeal and motivation have a lot to gain from this. Jack Welch of General Electric successfully implemented this payout method in his organization. At General Electric, they had devised a performance matrix whi ch measured and rated the employee performance and the rewards were given on the basis of that. The top performers enjoyed the highest payouts, the middle performers were given adequate pay and the non-performers had to face consequences as dire as elimination sometimes (Bryson, et al., 2011). For this analysis, we have critically reviewed the performance based reward and pay practices of ABC corporation. In order to do this, we have interacted with the people from the organization and gained knowledge about how the scheme is implemented and what are their yardsticks for performance measurement. We also interacted with a few employees of the organization and tried to find out how they rate and review the scheme and how satisfied they are by the methods of performance analysis being performed and the rewards associated with it. We then reviewed the aims and objectives of the reward scheme and understood what the management expected to achieve by the implementation of this scheme and how the current performance of the employees as well as the organization measures up against it (Lazear, 2000). Performance related pay scheme When the financial compensation is provided to the individuals on the basis of their job performance or target achievement, it is called performance based pay scheme. For the implementation of this scheme, it is important that the organization is able to quantify the objectives and the performance measurement system is fair and communicated to every individual. The performance is evaluated on the basis of some predefined objectives and target achievement and the employees are compensated on the basis of that. Performance related pay scheme is not a new concept. It has been in the system since very long, and various organizations have completely or partially adopted it over time. In ABC corporation, the work done by the individuals is generally skill based and the productivity of the employees can be easily determined on the basis of the work done. This way, ABC corporation is the ideal setup for the application of performance based payment scheme. In ABC corporation, the employees ar e not compensated on the basis of the organizational hierarchy or seniority, it is done on the basis of their performance and their productivity. The criteria for evaluation of the performance of each department is predefined by the organization and the payout is done on the basis of percentage achievement of the given targets. The individual performance is taken into account for this evaluation and irrespective of the position of the employees, the compensation is done. The ABC Corporation is a manufacturing organization (Suff, et al., 2007). Thus the top management is rewarded on the basis of the performance of the organization as a whole. The units manufactured are measured against the pre-set manufacturing target of the organization and the comparison is done. The payout is then done on the basis of the calculated performance. There are certain rules that are set for the payout and these need to be followed while implementing the performance based payout scheme. There is a fixed minimum wage for the employees to ensure legal compliance and fair wages policy. Although very less, this minimum wage is to be paid to the employees irrespective of their performance. This is done not just to prevent the organization from legal repercussions, but also acts as a safety net against any contingencies or unforeseen situation that may arise with the individuals. The target is communicated top down in the organization. The organizational target is broken down among the various departments and the departmental target is distributed among the individuals. This is done at the beginning of every month so that the individuals have a clear idea of what is expected from them and what is to be done. The trainees, newly joined and the people undergoing departmental change have a lenient performance measurement criteria and are j udged accordingly (Solmon, 2001). A number of researches and organizational studies have established that the performance based compensation method leads to demotivation and deteriorates the employee performance. The researches have, however, stated that this compensation method can work well with the organizations performing mechanical task. ABC Corporation being a manufacturing organization is well suited for this payment and compensation method. The performance of the employees here can be analyzed objectively and clearly and thus it is going to be beneficial for the organization in the long run as the low performers are eliminated and the top performers improve the efficiency and the overall organizational performance. In order to make the performance based compensation work for the organization, there are certain things that the organization and the management must keep in mind. The first and most important factor to be considered is that the criteria for performance analysis must be clear among the management, performance evaluators and the employees. There must be a detailed and comprehensive discussion and communication over the performance evaluation criteria (ODonnell OBrien, 2011). The next point that must be kept in mind is that the rewards for the goal achievement must be proportionate to the work done. The employees must not feel cheated and the demand of the job must be equivalent to the monetary reward associated with it. The evaluation must be done in a transparent manner and the employees must be checked with, for regular feedback and suggestions for the improvement of the processes and evaluation criteria. Individual performances must be analyzed if needed bust equal importance must be given to teamwork and working as a group. The performance based compensation scheme can be used to improve the organizations efficiency, increase job satisfaction level of the employees, increase their commitment to the organization and increase their trust in the organizational management whe n used effectively (Anderson, 2007) Critical review Money is seen as the biggest incentive among the workforce. Thus, performance based compensation scheme is well received by various organizations and individuals. The simple measurement and payout criteria makes the working of the organization more efficient an promotes a healthy competition among the individuals. The management of the organization can enjoy a more efficient organization and a driven workforce. There are numerous benefits of performance based pay structure and its implementation in an organization. The employees who work more, enjoy higher payouts and are satisfied (Barbosa, et al., 2014). This keeps the top performers happy and motivates the others to perform better. Overall, the implementation of performance based compensation system is beneficial and profitable to the organization. The performance evaluation and promotion criteria of the organization becomes transparent and no favoritism practices can be followed or complained of. The good performers enjoy increas ed revenue and for the organization, there is no burden of paying high salaries to non performers. The organization practicing performance based payout scheme will attract the right kind of talent and only the people who are good performers will be able to sustain. This again benefits the organization as it automatically improves the organizational performance (Jeyasutharsan Rajasekar, 2013). The individuals will account for a higher satisfaction level and the payout scheme will motivate them all. An argument against the performance based employee compensation method is that the performance of the employees and its judgment varies from one person to the other. While one person may rate the performance very high, the other person may find the same performance to be average, or even poor. However, in a manufacturing organization like ABC Corporation, the performance measurement criteria are very objective and simple to measure. Thus, no bias or favoritism can creep in the performance evaluation for this organization (Stabilet, 1999). The performance based compensation method is very effective for the organization and its financial health as it reduces the stress on the organizational funds. The organizations that are small and have a limited availability of finance can adopt this payment and compensation method as it doesnt strain the organization and its financial health. There are various versions of this payout scheme like performance based pay, where the entire salary of the individuals is based on the performance. Performance based incentives, where in addition to a fixed salary, the employees are given incentives based on their performance. Profit sharing, where the employees are given salaries proportional to organizations earned profits (Saari, 2013). Employee stock ownership, where the employees are the owners of organizations sticks and their payout fluctuates with the organizations stock prices. Performance based promotion, where the employees are promoted to the next level of the organization on the b asis of their performance. Although the benefits of the performance based payout scheme are many, there are a few disadvantages of this method of compensation that cannot be ignored. The individual performance analysis is a great way to judge the performance of the individuals, but this practice leaves little room for organizational learning and employee development. The individuals are focused on the productivity and performance all the time and the learning and skill development of the individuals is generally ignored during this. Another drawback of this system is that the entire focus of performance evaluation is on the individual performance and teamwork in the organization is overlooked (Convention Bureau, 2008). Every organization needs to work as a team first in order to achieve heights. The employees in an organization following performance based compensation method only care about their individual performance and target achievement, unless the performance is analyzed at a group level, which comes wi th the challenges of its own (Harvey-Beavis, 2003). A group based performance evaluation judges the performance of an entire group and all its members are compensated equally. Now in a group, all the members perform according to their own capacities and capabilities. When the top performers of a group are compensated equal to the low performers, there is a dissatisfaction among the employees. This takes the form of inefficiency and the performance of the entire organization is impacted due to this. Another disadvantage that comes with a performance based payment method is that the individuals and their performance need to be continuously monitored. The entire method of observation and documentation of employee performance and keeping a record of it is time consuming and resource consuming. Along with this the employees are also given a feedback of their performance and this makes the process even lengthier (Eckert, 2010). We interacted with a few employees of ABC Corporation and also found out that a few employees had partial or no knowledge of the performance evaluation criteria and method. As a result, there was dissatisfaction and frustration observed among the employees. They find the criteria vague and unfair and feel that the supervisors favor certain employees in the organization. The performance based compensation method must be used to identify training needs and suitability of the employees for promotions and not just for the compensation and payment of wages (Lavy, 2007). Another disadvantage of the performance based evaluation is that the complex and engaging task that involves various steps and actions is reduced to a single measure. The performance of the individual is boiled down to a single performance criteria. The quality of work is overlooked for the quantity of the work to be done and this degrades the total worth of the organizational work. The senior level employees who were gett ing paid according to their seniority are now being graded purely on the basis of their performance (Xerox Corporation, 2012). This is going to make the low performing senior employees dissatisfied and might even increase the organization turnover. The organizational costs might also increase if all the low performers leave and the high performers are left with it. The employees working in organizations that are practicing performance related compensation method often complain of organizational and work related stress. Although this system motivated them to perform better and be more productive, this lays an additional stress on the individuals and not just of performance, but also of being monitored continuously. This results in decreased job satisfaction levels for the individuals and the stress also ultimately results in lowering the productivity of the employees (Kecskes, 2014). Conclusion In this report we have studied the performance based payout scheme being practice in ABC Corporation of Qatar. It is a manufacturing organization based in the State of Qatar which has been practicing performance related pay scheme since a few years now. With the help of the employees, management and implementing bodies of ABC corporation, we have studied the reasons that motivated them to adopt this pay scheme, the objectives and aims of this scheme as per the organization and how the performance of the organization and its employees actually measures up against the expected results from this scheme. We have interacted with the people from the organization and gained knowledge about how the scheme is implemented and what are their yardsticks for performance measurement. We also interacted with a few employees of the organization and tried to find out how they rate and review the scheme and how satisfied they are by the methods of performance analysis being performed and the rewards a ssociated with it. When the financial compensation is provided to the individuals on the basis of their job performance or target achievement, it is called performance based pay scheme. In ABC corporation, the work done by the individuals is generally skill based and the productivity of the employees can be easily determined on the basis of the work done. This way, ABC corporation is the ideal setup for the application of performance based payment scheme. For doing this, the units manufactured are measured against the pre set manufacturing target of the organization and the comparison is done. The payout is then done on the basis of the calculated performance. Money is the greatest driving force for an individual and this has been proved by various tests and studies, therefore performance based compensation scheme is very well received by both organizations and individuals. The simple measurement and payout criteria makes the working of the organization more efficient an promotes a healthy competition among the individuals. The employees who work more, enjoy higher payouts and are satisfied. This keeps the top performers happy and motivates the others to perform better. The organization practicing performance based payout scheme will attract right kind of talent and only the people who are good performers will be able to sustain. The organizations that are small and have a limited availability of finance can adopt this payment and compensation method as it doesnt strain the organization and its financial health. Although the benefits of performance based payout scheme are many, there are a few disadvantages of this method of compensation that cannot be ignored. The individuals are focused on the productivity and performance all the time in an organization practicing performance based compensation method and the learning and skill development of the individuals is generally ignored during this. The individual performance is valued and monitored and teamwork in the organization is mostly overlooked. The performance based compensation method must be used to identify training needs and suitability of the employees for promotions and not just for the compensation and payment of wages. Another disadvantage of the performance based evaluation is that the complex and engaging task that involves various steps and actions is reduced to a single measure. 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